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II.Milling cutters
Classification of milling cutters according to their design, HSS cutters like end mills, slitting cutters, slab cutters
angular cutters, form cutters and many cutters are made from high-speed steel (HSS)8). Brazed cutters are Very limited
numbers of cutters (mainly face mills) are made with brazed carbide inserts. This design is largely replaced by mechanically
attached cutters. Mechanically attached cutters are the vast majority of cutters in this category (3).Carbide inserts are either
clamped or pin locked to the body of the milling cutter.Basically, milling operations are divided in to peripheral milling.
Face milling and Plain milling. The End milling process is widely used in industry because of versatility and effectiveness
4) The plain Mill has edges in the side surface and the bottom surface. During the operation in plain milling.
vibration is considered to be one of the most important while machining. Three different types of mechanical vibrations such
as free vibrations, forced vibrations and self-excited vibrations that arise due to the lack of dynamic stifiness. stability of the
machine parts, vibrations generated under unsuitable cutting conditions creates serious problem as it causes excessive tool
wear, noise, tool breakage, and deterioration of the surface quality. The milling cutter is a multiple point cutting tool. The
cutting edge may be straight or in the form of various contours that are to be reproduced upon the work picce. The relative
motion between the work piece and the cutter may be either axial or normal to the tool axis. In some cases a combination of
the two motions is used.(5 For example, form-generating milling cutters involve a combination of linear travel and rotary
motion. The figure below shows the various angles and geometry of a milling cutter.
2.1 Types of milling operations:
Owing to the variety of shapes possible and its high production rates, milling is one of the most versatile and widely used
machining operations. The geometric form created by milling fall into three major groups:
Plane surfaces: the surface is linear in all three dimensions. The simplest and most convenient type of surface:
Two-dimensional surfaces: the shape of the surface changes in the direction of two of the axes and is linear along the
third axis. Examples include cams:
